IT Applications and Groupware Essay Example for Free

IT Applications and Groupw are EssayThe three most important things that a company has to do so as to implement the use of groupware systems efficaciously starts with ensuring the collaboration of workers regarding the introduction of the technology. This initiative helps to bring about an image of the required culture in their mind. Further, it helps the workers to learn more about severally other and creates a find of respect among them. This strategy helps to break any antagonistic cultures in which they grew up whereby they may substantiate been taught to work as case-by-cases. This viewpoint creates the notion of selfishness amongst the workers. Conversely, ensuring worker cooperation helps to create a feeling of security with regard to employees providing support to the company (Thierauf, 2001). This makes them to be joint owners of the company, thus taking part in implementing the project. The workers are thus not dictated on what to do. Rather, the executive helps t hem to remove the obstacles amongst themselves and eliminate their resistance. Afterwards, the re cooking of the workers about sharing takes place.This helps to recreate the attitude of sharing which have been eliminated from the workers minds by the prevailing environment. such(prenominal) an undertaking begins with the introduction of education to individual persons whereby they are instructed to work as individuals. Further, they learn that to share equates to cheating within the school perspective. The employees thus tend to have a culture in them that disowns sharing. Such a culture calls for retraining. The concept of sharing helps them to work together.In turn, this development benefits the company in the sense that each employee leave be allowed to make their decisions. The business thus retains the knowledgeable employees within the company. This group work also makes the output of the company to increase more than individual output. Such an outcome stems from the fact tha t a group can give more tasks than an individual when each person is offered the opportunity to decide on how to accomplish a task (Galliers, Markus Newell, 2007). The people are thus empowered to perform by themselves.During training, the influential leaders usually start early in service the people to change and teaching the people about the importance of groupware. This undertaking promotes every idea regarding all opportunities in the planning of any specialized training in the anticipation that all the needed users are covered. In addition, it helps to create an awareness of what will be expected of them when the group ware system will be implemented. This is because the workers regain their trust in all people with whom they were formerly taught to be distrustful by their environment.It also gives each worker an opportunity to append their techniques in the business whereby the best are charged with the running of the company (Khosrowpour, 2001). It also helps to make sure that all the intended people are reached and that the barriers among them broken. This creates an standard pressure within which each individual is worthy in the business and wherein their views are incorporated into the running of the premise. After training, one should plan for the growth of the firm and be prepared to rise up quickly after the implementation.This improves the attitude of the workers because they derive satisfaction from the work output. Such a development promotes and improves their working life. Consequently, the lessons which they had learned in the training are articulated in the production process. This action helps to gauge the results of the project so that one can know if to sell the project to others if the results are tangible (Khosrowpour, 2000). Further, he owners are facilitated to gauge if the groupware system is productive and if its productivity can be replicated in other related firms.

A Pro Stance for Vaccines Essay Example for Free

A Pro Stance for Vaccines EssayThe topic of laws mandating vaccinations is a often debated issue. A large number of parents argue they should not be forced to vaccinate their children in order for them to attend public school and daycare. angiotensin-converting enzyme reason for the controversy of their use is the increased number of children with autism, which some reports put one over indicated is a possible place effect of vaccines. info regarding potential negative side effects of vaccines is abundant although not always accurate however, the decreased incidence in vaccine preventable diseases illustrates their continued necessity. In the United States many of the diseases inject for are nearly absent in communities now. Some diseases may even be eradicated completely by the use of immunizations, as with the case of smallpox in 1977. (Kee, Hayes, McCuistion, 2012, p. 502) A low incidence in many of the vaccine-prevented diseases can lead some to a false sense of securit y against the insecurity of contracting such(prenominal) diseases. It is important for the general people to continue receiving vaccinations. An article in The New England Journal of Medicine points out High vaccine coverage, particularly at the community level, is extremely important for children who cannot be vaccinated, including children who have medical contraindications to vaccination and those who are too young to be vaccinated. These groups are often more susceptible to the complications of septic diseases than the general population of children and depend on the protection provided by the vaccination of children in their environs.Many parents think there is no longer a risk of their child contracting the disease or even becoming exposed to them at all. The refusal of a few to vaccine may not have much of an impact on society, however, the refusal of many to not vaccinate in a community can have disastrous consequences. If the immunization level of a population drops to o low, there can be an outbreak of the disease, and the vaccinated population may not be high enough to cover all of the individuals who refused vaccination. This is understandably evidenced by a measles outbreak documented in 2008. The New England Journal of Medicine discussed this measles outbreak in a 2009 article, surrounded by January 1, 2008, and April 25, 2008, there were five measlesoutbreaks and a total of 64 cases reported.All but one of the persons with measles were either unvaccinated or did not have evidence of immunization. Of the 21 cases among children and adolescents in the vaccine-eligible age group (16 months to 19 years) with a known reason for nonvaccination, 14, or 67%, had obtained a nonmedical exemption and all of the 10 school-age children had obtained a nonmedical exemption. Thirteen cases occurred in children too young to be vaccinated, and in more than a third of the cases (18 of 44) occurring in a known transmission desktop the disease was acquired in a health care facility. (Omer, Salmon, Orenstein, deHArt Halsey)Children are not the only population in need of vaccination. Many adults either never got their immunizations as a child, never received their boosters, or they received them so long ago that they are no longer effective as contracting the disease. The guinea pig Network for Immunization Information reports in the United States, up to 60,000 adults die from vaccine-preventable diseases or their complications. These diseases include influenza, pneumococcal disease, and tetanus among others. This statistic alone shows a need for more immunizations, not less. The reports indicating negative side effects of the vaccines, especially the possible link to autism is just another reason many feel immunizations are an unnecessary risk.References get up Koppaka, MD, PhD (2011) Ten Great Public Health Achievements United States, 20012010 Retrieved from Mobidity and Mortality Weekly Report website http//www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/m mwrhtml/mm6019a5.htm May 20, 2011 / 60(19)619-623(2008). Adult Immunizations. Retrieved from National Network for Immunization Information (NNii). website http//pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/peds.2010-1722Tv1Kee, J., Hayes, E., McCuistion, L. (2012) Pharmacology A Nursing Process Approach 7th Edition. St. Louis, MI Elsevier Saunders, 503-510.

Changing Business Environment of Tata Motors

Changing commerce Environment of Tata MotorsExecutive SummaryBusiness Environment is the key circumstanceor which determines the succeeder and failure of a business. If an transcription has a prior knowledge about its business environment and take strategical findings from the signs from the environment around the business then the organisation is bound to become a success. The key factor in the business environment is divided into both broad categories accountly Micro and Macro Environments. The factors which be ordure be controlled be the factors of micro environment namely the organisations raw material provider, distri thators, sellers, transportation channels, retailers to name a few. But the macro environmental factor are factors which the organisation doesnt fill any control over it but the fellowship is bound to watch are ad present to it in crop to be successful like the rules and regulations of government, taxations, environmental factors, laws, etc. with th e help of these macro and micro environmental factors the company can range itself in such a way that it is sync with the business environment and as well as satisfying the customers and reaching the organisations goals. This research deals about Tata Motor Company which is the largest car manufacturing company in India. With the help of sufficient business models and supporting literatures the resultant research government issue gives an penetration about the organisations position in the local anesthetic as well as the international marts and its progress in the past five years.IntroductionTata Motors was established under the Tata Group of companies in 1945. They became Indias largest automobile manufacturing company, after which they were the first Indian automobile company to enter the stock exchange in New York. In 1954, they began manufacturing commercialized-grade vehicles in collaborationism with Daimler Benz of Germany. This collaboration led them to become the larg est commercial vehicle manufacturing company in India. They are now among the diadem five worlds largest medium and heavy truck, bus manufacturers. They started the rider vehicles manufacturing unit in 1991, and now they rank second in Indias passenger vehicle market.In this composition, we will implement the business models and methods in the above mentioned company. relevant literature reviews are given and the facts are gathered using secondary selective information collection method. Recommendations are discussed at the end on the basis of the outcome retrieved from the implementation done in the significant business models.Organization BackgroundThe Tata Motors group is a passenger and commercial vehicle manufacturer based in India. The group was established as part of the Tata Group in 1945. They have been well known for their commercial vehicles and in the past decade they entered into the passenger vehicle segments. Currently, Tata Motors has an ample line of passenger veh icles and a large line of commercial vehicles such as pickups, trucks, tractors, trailers, tippers, and buses. Both product lines of the Tata Motors group have seen success, but oftentimes of this has been built upon the more deeply established commercial vehicle product line.Tata Motors commercial line has been established for several years in many market segments such as Europe, Africa, The Middle East, Australia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia. They expanded their business and market share around the world through a series of acquisitions. They acquired Daewoo commercial vehicle Company in South Korea in 2004. This acquisition gave Tata Motors a significant presence in the Korean market. They also had collaborations with companies such as Thonburi automotive in 2006, which allowed them to manufacture and market pickup trucks in Thailand. The commercial vehicle area of the business has sealedly been how Tata Motors have built their reputation, with commercial vehicles accountin g for 80-85% of company profits. They are beginning to employ a similar technique as they now expand into the passenger car business.Tata Motors have been making global headlines in the auto industry recently. The hottest news is their acquisition of Jaguar and acres Rover from cut through. Tata paid 2.3 billion dollars to Ford for the two brands that cost Ford 5.3 billion dollars. This is a major step for the company because it triggers them into the luxury car business which they are not popular for at this situation. As they acquire many businesses they will be managing the luxury car automobile business with their previous management. This is yet another large acquisition for the Tata Motors group and could create expectant success for the company in the near future.Tata Motors have incrementd its earnings over the years through their various acquisitions and joint infers with truck manufacturers in Southeast Asia. Gross profit in the year 2006 was 1,160.9 million and incre ased to 1,510.1 million in the year 2007. After a large drop in revenues from 2004 to 2005 when the company first went public on the NYSE, it has been increasing revenues greatly annually, from 4,422.0 million in 2005 to 7,354.0 in 2007. Their net Revenue in 2008-09 was 256.79 billion, and net profit was 100.26 billion, overdue to market disruption. bring up AnalysisStrengthsTata motors have a wife physique of products due to its collaborations and joint ventures with other vehicle manufacturing companies and due to the fact that it has acquired many international companies which enabled it to access new technologies and inject them into its existing commercial and passenger vehicles manufacturing line. Tata motors have strong Human resources. It helps its employees to gain knowledge by providing additional support to by providing workshops and trainings.WeaknessesThe organisation has a little bar of weakness because it has a wide variety of products with a wide range from cheap cars as low as $2000 to premium cars which can cost up to $ 80000. so everyone gets what the desire.OpportunitiesWith its wide variety of products it has a huge opportunity to reach into almost all the sectors of automobile industry. Tata motors have multiple classes of vehicles such as passenger cars, commercial vehicles, busses, defences and support vehicles.ThreatsWith the huge variety of vehicles and different sectors to venture into Tata motors have created serious rivalry from different car manufacturers such as Hyundai motors, Maruthi-Suzuki, Ford, Chevrolet, Skoda Motors and so on. The higer the pinch from the rivals creates even more opportunities to discover new innovative ideas and technologies to implement in their manufacturing of vehicles.The initial stage of any strategic planning is the SWOT analysis. The structure of the SWOT analysis is simple but, after analysing an organisation using this tool a perfect solution for a strategic plan can be obtained from the dat a collected. SWOT represents Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats. The strength and weakness are internal factors whereas opportunities and threats are external factors. There are some simple rules to obtain good results from SWOT analysis. The organisation must be realistic about the strengths and weaknesses. It should show the passing between where the organization is and where is it heading to, SWOT must be applied in kind intercourse to the competitor. It is better to avoid complexity and over analysis since, SWOT is subjective. (Marketing teacher)PESTEL analysisPESTEL analysis helps to position any organisation with its business environment. It enables to assess the organiations improvement and success with the factors that are uncontrolable by the oragnisation thses factors are also known as micro environmental factors for example factors such as competitiors, econpomy, sellers, buyers, distributors and general consumers. Pestel analysis gives an clear insight abou t the organisation and its values and position. This research implement the PESTEL analysis for the TATA motor company.Political FactorsIn the past few years TATA motors ventured in to new effort by merging and aquiring new companies in differrent parts of the world. In 2004 it aquired Daewoo Commercial vehicles company in Korea which helped Tata motors to gain some international ground. With the expansion the Tata motors had to follow certain rules and regultaions which casued them to hire employees and staff from the local area and since they had a strict law of labour union they had little or no job redundancy. Since tata motors had its presence in the whole of Asia, Africa, Australia, The Middle East and the United Kingdom it had various rules and regulations to follow and since it was a very difficult taask to cope up with and the changes to adhere to it had most of its operations and manamgement planning within India where it has its most of the dealerships and subsidiaries. Therefore Tata motors had a very hard ground to cover and its overseas acquisition of Land Rover and Jaguar from Ford motors enabled it to concentrate on luxury cars and not its traditional economy class cars. On the acquisition of these luxury car companies it had a similar problem as the acquisiton of Daewoo motors in Korea. Since UK has a very powerful Labour union, Tata motors made amove not to fire any of its employees from the previous ownership but it made all of its top level managers and staff shifted from other parts of the organisation who were well aware of the companies work culture and ethics.Economical FactorsTata motors is the biggest automobile and commercial vehicle manufacturing company in India. With over 70% of market share in India and it had a 0.81% of market share globally. when Tata Motors acquired Land Rover and Jaguar in 2008 it had solidified revenue a massive $16 billion. In 2008 when Tata motors acquired Land Rover and Jaguar the premium car companies i t planned to target funds through its shares, but due to the mangements decision it was left in last moment, but in 2010 Tata Motors are pallning to raise around $700 Million in its shares sales. This decision is is made in order to raise funds for its new manufacturing plants and to enhance its research and increase but there are no official reports of when it will be implemented. These shares are sold to the nonage share holders in order to safe guard the organisation since the decision was taken it had one tenth of the voting rights of the ordinary shares with a 5% increase in the dividend. Tata motors is the first car manufacturing company to produce the cheapest road car in the world the Nano, which is priced at approximately $2000. which has made a great difference in India where the booking of these cars are filled up even before the cars are commercially manufactured. Tata motors is a dual listed company it is listed in Bombay Stock flip-flop as well as New York Stock Ex change under the sign TTM. Tata commercial vehicle manufacturing company has been in the top five commercial vehicle manufactures in the world and it also one of the top eight companies in India with a annual turn over of $7 billion. Tata motors since the beginning of its venture with partner ship with daimler-Benz in 1954 have came up with new concepts in car manufaturing but it has always focused upon the mid and small sized cars, this is due to fact that most of its customer base is India where the traffic is highly congested and fuel consumptions are very high with the price of fuel relatively higher. So people tend to have a soft corner over the small sized cars. So Tata Motors introduced Tata Indica a small sized car in 1998, which fits 5 people with a very little boot space, It became an instant star among the people and large number of orders were made and even today it is pet by many people because of itssize and a very low fuel consumption and high mileage in the city as well as in the high ways. Tata has its presence in the global economy. It has partner ship with different companies in different parts of the world it has a wide variety of products to manufacture. Tata motors has joint ventures between Fiat car manufacturing company and in recent times Tata motors has intiated to bring in new models of its Joint ventured company Fiat Motors. early(a) than manufacturing of commercial and passenger vehicles Tata has its section of defence solution it is an internal wing of Tata motors but specialised in manufacturing of heavy armoured and transportation and support vehicles for the army. It has great potential in India as well as different parts of the globe.Social FactorsThe Tata motors have more than half a century of experience in manufacturing of locomotives and vehicles either passenger or commercial. Tata motors have heritage of helping the community by opening a trust which helps the community by providing education for the vile people and h elping charity and community works. Tata motors are the signatory of United Nations organisation. Every time it builds a new manufacturing plant it recruits staff and labourers who are local to the area this enables the local people to acquaint to the company and it creates huge job opportunities as well. Tata motors induce more than 2% of its annual turnover to research and development of new and innovative equipments to keep the balance between the ecology and machines and reducing the pollution of the vehicles it manufactures.Technological FactorsTata motors have invested more money into its technological aspects this is due to the fact that the pollution cause by vehicles increase the carbon monoxide content in the atmosphere which in turn gives way to green house effect where the gases preventive in the environment and heat up the planets atmosphere which cause global warming. So all the vehicles that tata manufactures are tested n tired in order that they have little contribu tion to the global warming. Apart from environmental factors the passenger car segment has its own technological advancements such as the v2 engines that the company manufactures are know to be one of the best in its class in terms of power, low consumption of fuel and high mileage, and after acquiring the Land Rover and Jaguar from Ford motors in 2008 Tata motors have discovered that the engines in these vehicles are proved to add more stress to the performance of the vehicles so before long they are researching into finding solutions for fine tuning these engines which in turn makes it to perform well. In the European markets Tata motors have initiated a new method of scrapping the old cars, here they inform there customers to bring in their old vehicles to recycle it for free and they use there own centres and subsidiaries to dismantle the old vehicles which makes most of the parts to be serviced and fitted into other vehicles. These are some of the key technological factors of Tata Motors.Ecological FactorsTata motors have a good standard of manufacturing vehicles adhering to the euro and Indian standards of emission and it also invested into creating greener cars by researching in alternate fuel methods and low consumption of fuel which creates a balance between the eco systems. All the vehicles come with low emission a filter which permute and reduces the carbon monoxide content emitted by the vehicles.Legal FactorsSince it has its companys presence in many countries it has a lot of law, rules and regulations to follow. Tata in recent years have been adhere to the governments laws and taxations that the Indian government has awarded Tata Motors as the best car manufacturer. There have been serious frictions in the state of Bihar where it planned to build its new car Nanos manufacturing plant but the state government insisted the Tata motors to shift its base to some other state, which Tata motors did by moving its plan to the state of Gujarat. These ar e some of the legal issues faced by Tata Motors.ConclusionTata motor company has been a fore runner in car manufacturing in India. With the market share of 70% it has a potential to intrigue more and since the company had serious issues with its rivals it has proved to be winning the tests. Apart from its financial part the Tata motors have given back to the community by manufacturing cars which are far cheaper than any other car manufacturing company could produce. It has also helped the community by providing funds for less able people and created more job opportunities and support many community development programs and public organisation. With such high profile the organisation serves the community well and honouring this the United Nations Organisation has acquainted with the company in order to maintain the ecological system of the planet by manufacturing low emission vehicles. In recent years Tata motors has been venturing in to new international grounds by acquiring and j ointly venturing with similar manufacturing companies.RecommendationsThis research recommends that tata motors must implement innovative and technological advancements in manufacturing its vehicles which produce lesser emission and in order to sustain itself in the future the Tata motors must initiate more of its concentration in developing the community by providing awarness about the eco system. Apart from these factors there are limited amount of modification required of the company. In conclusion, Tata motors have proved itself to be a innovative leader with high degree of corporate social responsibility. With its strategic planning and management skills Tata motors will become the leader in automobile manufacturing company in India as well as globally.

Slavery In The Abrahamic Religions Theology Religion Essay

Slavery In The Abrahamic Religions Theology Religion EssayToday we think of slaveholding as condemning humans to lifetime bondage, employmenting without wages and maltreated. However, thralldom seems to have been a common phenomenon in many old-fashioned civilizations such as Babylon, Egypt, and China. Most slaves were struggle prisoners, kidnapped or obliged to pay for debts. They were the property of the master, with little or no rights or condition. Many of them were treated cruelly even though most ancient civilizations had some laws to regulate slavery, such as the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi. This kind of slavery besides existed during the lives of Moses, rescuer and the Prophet Mohammad. Most of the slaves, at that time, were prisoners of wars. They could be killed, plundered and sold at any moment. The three Abrahamic religions dealt with the slavery institutions in different ways, they didnt not abolish it, but each one them regulate it in a way that goes with the norms of the society.Slavery in IslamIslam tried to solve the problem of the slaves that were in the Arabian Peninsula by encouraging pot in different ways to cross off their slaves free. The Muslims were ordered that in reparation of some of their sins they should emancipate their slaves. As a start, and because it is harder to change a cultural habit, Islam regulated the institution of slavery and improved the give-and-takes of the know toward their slaves. In many verses of the Quran, it is clearly stated that all the human are the descended of one ancestor, that no one is superior to the other regardless of the race, ethnicity or the sociable status.The prophet Muhammed also ordered his Umma (Community) to threat the slaves and the considerations as they were their brothers and to give them from what they eat and what they wear. He also ordered that the slave shouldnt be given any work beyond his capacity and if it is necessary the master must help him. This good treatment of the masters had a positive consequence on the attitudes of slaves to their masters. The slaves kept their manhood and moral dignity and become a member of their masters family.Moreover, the slaves also enjoyed the right to keep their religion and to have a family, to earn money and to proclaim a property.According to Islam teaching, humans are free and were born free. It is the natural and proper condition which must be considered as the norm. Therefore, to liberate a slave is one of the highest virtues. To emancipate a slave is considered equal to save its own life from the wrath in the next world. In Islam people were encouraged to read into agreements and contracts which enabled slaves to earn or be granted their freedom at the expiry of a certain term or, most typically, on the death of the owner. At that time, thither were occasions when groups of wealthy people, acting together, would buy and set free many slaves in order to obtain thereby the favor of God.Islam has comm ended humanity in the treatment of slaves, and encouraged their liberation. We can see from the history of many different peoples in the Islamic world that slaves quickly integrated into the main society and achieved positions of great status and power, some of them even gained their freedom.Slavery in ChristianityIn the early Christianity, slavery was considered as natural phenomena. In the senior Testament there is no item condemnation of slavery. On the contrary, it does approve and regulate it and ensures that the traffic and ownership of human beings proceeds in an acceptable manner.In the New Testament, it is stated that Jesus did not express disapproval of the enslaving of people.However, in spite of some critics against Jesus claiming that he didnt abolish slavery, it undeniable that he explicitly stood against every form of injustice. The mission of Jesus wasFurthermore, in the New Testament it is clearly indicated how a good Christian must treat slaves the Christian mast ers must call Christian slaves brothers. It also stated that masters must how kindness, justice, and tolerance toward their slaves and that their position, as master, meant responsibility and duty.Paul, in his letters, also reminded Christians to treat their slaves as brothers and sisters. He emphasized on the justice and fair-mindedness toward slaves. Paul also asked Christians to consider them as morally responsible human beings who are also a jump of the body of the Christ and asked the slaves to obey to their masters. He also explained that spiritual status is more fundamental and important than social status. Paul was not opposed to the freedom of slaves if the opportunity arose but believed that God had called people to different positions in life and they were to live out the Christian life in the position in which they were called.Slavery in JudaismAt the time of the Old Testament, there were two types of slavery the ownership of foreign captives or war prisoners and the t ype of contractual servitude, where an Israelite is for a certain time a slave to other Israelite, usually because he has become poor and has no other option. An Israelite, in biblical law, is guaranteed certain rights both while a slave and upon liberation.The firstborn practical reference to slavery in the Old Testament is in Genesis where Noah whammyd Canaan for the sin of his son Ham and predicted that he would be the servant of his brothers. Both the prophets Abraham and Isaac had servants however, the first clear example of slavery is in Exodus where the Israelites were made to work as slaves. According the Exodus, the Israelites were slaves in Egypt and their situation was clearly unimaginable to God, judging by their rescue and the regulations regarding slavery in the Mosaic Law.Slavery in the Mosaic LawAfter the Israelites had left Egypt the acquisition of slaves were organized by the Mosaic Law which permitted them to make slaves of Jews and Non-Jews people. The law s tates clearly that the Jews must treat their Hebrews slaves as if they were their servants. They must also give them the possibility of their freedom in the seventh year of their service, and provide them the resources to start a new life even though they can remain a slave if they want. In the exodus it is tell that anyone who put a man to slavery against his will must be killed. Furthermore, there were many laws dealing with violence against and the slaves and the ones who ran away from their masters must be protected and not returned. The Israelites were also allowed to buy slaves from other nations and to keep them for an indefinite period as slaves, nevertheless they were included in the commonwealth of Jewish community, and they could put down in festivals and were given the Sabbath rest.In the twenty one carbon, slavery is considered as a violation of human rights and it is abolished by all the nations and the majority of religions. However, the texts of the Abrahamic reli gions( Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) refers clearly to the slavery institutions as common one and it is viewed as acceptable at that time. Indeed, all the three religions regulated the slavery, developed laws for it and organized it in a way to keep abreast the slaves dignity and life. This pushes us to wonder, why the Abrahamic religions that value the life of a human being didnt abolish slavery in their texts.It is clear that the three religions were born at a time where slavery was a common practice and most of the societies were against any reforms that could change their habits and cultural practices. For these reasons and according to some explanations, the three religions didnt abolish slavery at the beginning, however they were against the inhuman treatments and try to regulate in order to improve the life of the slaves and to preserve their human dignity. In Islam, slavery was at first regulated and then abolished by the time of the caliph Omar Ibn Al Khatab, however, it didnt ended the slavery in the Islamic world. In Christianity and Judaism, slavery was justified by the curse of Ham and for some Christians and Jews it is Gods will on earth.In spite of the religious regulation and abolishment, the human rights and worldwide organization, slavery still exists in the twenty-one century but in a modernize form. Some scholars claim it is neither the outcome of cultural practices nor the consequences of a certain religions. According to them, slavery is a part of the human nature that seeks to have power on another human being and to control it in order to satisfy the human ego.

Communication †sending and receiving verbal information

dialogue direct and receiving verbal informationCommunication is the complex process of sending and receiving verbal information. The intercourse process plays a very important role in the profession of breast feeding. Daily the nurses have to deal with a huge get of endurings of diverse background. Some belong to educated background and understands thing very well but some argon non educated, and for them understanding and communicating with the medical checkup staff is very difficult so it is the responsibility of the nurses to improve their sk rachitics to such an extent that communicating with people of all sorts become possible for them. The talk could be verbal or nonverbal standardised by the social function of expressions or jesters etc. The countersign among the nurses and the patients is conducted usually in a very hectic halo both the patients and nurses are in an urgency as a consequence of which unwanted dos may arise. The directions are often delivered to the patients on the phones rather than face to face. In the cases of emergency the colloquy skills gain very high importance as the conclusion near the procedure has to be made present(prenominal)ly but some time the patient nurse interaction is delayed too much as a result of which serious consequences could be faced. In localise to avoid the problems in communication some strategies have been discussed in this paper. One technique to attain this objective is by the use of strategies which are being used by otherwise industries and have been very hard-hitting manage team up resource management. It is a training course which has been designed by the aviation business. It emphasizes on combined decision making and team oriented approaches. The most excellent patient care can be provided when the nurses are accessible at all times. By the use of equipments like background-assessment-recommendation (SBAR), it is guaranteed that the delivered messages are very clear and not am boastfullyuous in any kind of stressful situation (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2004).U-nursing is also very powerful in improving the patient nurse communication. The SWOT depth psychology is also attached in the proposal. The above mentioned plans could be implemented easily. Some are not time consuming like changing the behavior and attitude of the nurses however some of them needs time like installation of wireless equipments.If the nurses lack the skills for frank communication the above mentioned tasks becomes really difficult to handle. In order to deal with patients who have diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds and having different levels of knowledge, communication becomes a big challenge to the wellness care providers. Health care providers especially the nurses have always been very keen to advance the communication skills so that they can improvement to better patients care services. In nursing, a heavy amount of information has to be provided and received in a narr ow time period. In order to do this perfectly and smoothly the communication settings, history experiences and individual opinion of the people must be considered very deeply. So the communication enhancements mentioned above will prove to be very successful. From this study we have come to know that when you move toward alteration with a patient-centered attitude, the finest decisions are obvious.Table of ContentsIntroductionCommunication mingys relocation of the information amongst the people. The nursing job involves continuous communication between the patients, their relatives and the nurses. The chances of miscommunication in this profession are very high which can submit to serious consequences.For nurses it is really important that they should be aware of key communicating process and the height to risks and problems that they can come across as a result of miss-communication. It is important to have clear communication with patients especially for those nurses who are inv olved in collection of patient history. They should be aware of the art of educating the patients giving them the take emotional help (Munhill, 2007, p.452).According to a report at Institute of Medicine, it has now been an established fact that secure and trustworthy relationship between a patient and the health care provider (especially nurse) depends upon vigorous and good communication (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2004 Viney et al., 2006). Usually the goal of the health care providers is to achieve more in a smaller amount time as a result of which their relations with patients suffer. In this proposal we are going to discuss about how communications between the patients and the nurses can be improved in order to have a healthy and fruitful relationship.Analysis of change neededEfficient communication between the patients and health care providers especially nurses is a very important area in the hospital management but it is hampered by different problems. The discussion with t he patients is conducted usually in a very busy environment both the patients and nurses are in a hurry as a result of which undesirable issues are raised. Communication with the patients is mostly carried out through answering machines instead of having a direct interaction. According to the leadership theory as presented by Fred Fiedler suggests that effective group performance depended upon the proper match between a leaders style of interacting with his or her followers and the degree to which situation allowed the leader to control and see (Robbins Coulter, 2008, p. 493). It is often argued that in a hospital setting, in-charge nurse is often lacking required competencies in relation to communicating with patients that represent a barrier in efficient leadership. One of the prime reasons being their promotion from the clinical nurse thus they are apt at dealing with medical issues but ill equipped to be regarded as a good communicator with patients (Connelly et al., 2003, p. 298). Their relationship should be relationship oriented instead of focusing solely on routine tasks. also path-goal theory as devised by Robert House also favours leader role to be more supportive, providing direction to relevant others (Robbins Coulter, 2008, p.498). A study conducted in linked States of America concluded that 90% of the faults in patient analysis result from poor communication between the patients and the health care providers. Different sort of parameters like lack of sleep or proper rest, long duty hours, other part time jobs, personal issues or family concerns may have serious effects on the ability of nurses to interact with the patients. Therefore the present challenge is to develop an environment which is comfortable for nurses so that they can easily perform their job.One method acting to achieve this goal is by applying the strategies which have been adapted by industries working beyond provision of medical aid. Team resource management as constructed by aviation department could also bring desired outcomes. The strategy helps to direct all efforts towards equal participation in decision making, leading a team focused behavioral approach.The best patient care can be provided when the nurses are can be easily contacted in case of any issue during patients stay at the hospital. By using different electronic gadgets like situation-background-assessment-recommendation (SBAR), such methods help to convey lucid messages between both nurses and patients to overcome the dispute situation (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2004).It is stated that many nurses save around 20 to 40 minutes every day if they have immediate contact with the specialists. around of the hospitals of the Unites States still use the old weird telephone systems which not only waste time but also may lead to miscommunication. A saucy communication technology like that of Dalcon Alertcan provide a solution to this problem. It is a wireless technology and by the use of it t he patients, nurses, staff and the physicians can stay in contact with each other all the time, while even on move. A study showed that 70 to 80 percent of time could be save each day by the use of this technology. The technology also provides direct alerts to the nurses on their devices (Kohn, Corrigan Donaldson, 2000). Another method is to employ the U-Nursing technique. By U Nursing we mean that the nurses are available to all the organizations and institutes at all the time by using the facilities from information technology. The SWOT analysis about this nursing technique is given below (Murray, 2007, p.32).SWOT AnalysisStrengthsUser friendly and Less time consumingExpert advice avail all the timeInfrastructure is very harmless and secureInternational quality standards maintainedEnhance the communication between the patients and the nursesWeaknessesThe setup costs are very highNurses are not however very much trained to use this systemLack of support and backup infrastructu reOpportunitiesResearch studies will be facilitatedTechnology development in nursing professionIf goes successful , could be applied to all the hospitals and has just one time setup costsHolistic and HumanizedThreatsSystem breakdowns by approach path of viruses leading to data lossHigh dependency on the information technologyIntellectual proprietary issuesBe short of leadership in nursingMisuse of personal information of patients and loss of privacyIgnorant patients may be misguidedPlan of ActionThe plan of action for the above mentioned analysis is as followsFirst the working hours of the nurses would be discussed and adjusted accordingly so that they can work attentively and efficiently and this will be done immediately. The honorarium structure would be revised so that there would be no need for part time jobs.Recognize any hindrances which may hamper the communication like can the patient converse in English easily or not? If not the nurse should arrange for an interpreter. If the hearing ability of the patient is not well, hearing aid should be provided.Training courses for the nurses would be arranged regarding communication skills so that they can improve their communication with the patients and the physicians.Infrastructure for the U-Nursing plan would be arranged. For this purpose letters would be written to higher authorities at the hospital or even the government level if required so that the capital could be provided. Once the approval is received for such plan then nurses would be trained for the use of such facilities.In hospital equipment would be updated like the use of wireless technologies to be implemented so that the wastage of time could be prevented. The patients would be able to communicate with the nurses through wireless gadgets at all the times so that emergency situations can be dealt with ease and efficiency.Evaluation strategyThe real time monitoring strategies about these new things will be applied. The amendment trials are fr uitful when they are structured keeping in view the present situation and are visible with healthy results. They are made on the animated method of doing things,are visible and have positive outcomes (Greenhalgh et al., 2004 Rye Kimberly, 2007). The study would be evaluated by noticing the change in the general attitude of nurses, their change in appearance and social dealings. The qualitative and quantitative data will be used. For the qualitative data general observations will be done on the communication changes between nurses and the patients and for the qualitative data questionnaires will be given to the patients and they will be asked about the improvement in the communication skills of the nurses. They will be asked about the benefits or demerits of the use of wireless technology implemented in the hospital. If the patients provide us with the positive feedback this will mean the change is a success.ConclusionThe immediate problem and challenge in the health care industry is to manage and develop an environment which provides effective and transparent communication system between the patients and the health care workers especially nurses as they are the most frequent ones to come across with the patients. It is anticipated that the above mentioned changes will bring a positive and healthy change in the hospital environment and the communication skills of the nurses will be improved. Especially when the nurses will be trained accordingly the patients would definitely feel a positive change in the hospitals. It is wisely said that half of the illness of the patient is cleared out immediately when he is treated nicely by the health care provider.

The Silk Road Essays -- Chinese History

Long before there were trains, ships and airplanes to transport goods from one place to another, there was the Silk Road. Beginning in the sixth century, this route was form and thus began the first major trade system. Although the term Silk Road would lead one that it was on road, this term actually refers to a number of different routes that cover a vast amount of land and were traveled by many different people. Along with silk, large varieties of goods were traded and traveled along this route both pass to and from China. Material goods were not the only thing that passed along this path, and many religions were brought into China via the Silk Road. These topics will be discussed in detail in this paper. From Babylon in the western to Changan in the east and from Jada Gate in the north to Patna in the south, the Silk Road stretched over a wide space of the Asian and Middle Eastern countries. thither was not one road or one direct route between the many stops between thes e destinations. The caravans that traveled the Silk Road mainly skirted the Taklimakan desert, withal called the Land of the Dead by the people in that area. Nomadic tribes traveled from oasis to oasis, often with little or no protection from bandits. These bandits were accustomed to sweet in raids on the merchants that used this route to trade with other countries, attacking and stealing from the merchants and later selling what they acquired in this nefarious manner. It is important to note that bit the deserts were a challenge to navigate, the highest mountain ranges also made travel difficult. Many of the people who used this trade route never traveled far, but instead traded goods many times between merchants. It is because of these ... ...hina as well. Along the Silk Road, Buddhism, Christianity, and Manichaeism also migrated towards the east. The Silk Road supported trade of goods and services and the spread of ideas and religions, beginning the shrinking of the m anhood to the relatively small place it has become in our time.Works CitedWild, Oliver. Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine, The Silk Road. Last modified 1992. Accessed March 31, 2012. http//ess.uci.edu/oliver/silk.html.Lendering, Jona. LIVIUS Articles on Ancient History, Silk road. Last modified 03/30/2012. Accessed March 31, 2012. http//livius.org/sh-si/silk_road/silk_road.html.Major, John. Asia Society, Silk Road Spreading Ideas and Inovations. Last modified 2012. Accessed March 31, 2012. http//asiasociety.org/countries/trade-exchange/silk-road-spreading-ideas-and-innovations.

Life in the Hands of Natue The Pefect Storm :: Essays Papers

Life in the Hands of Natue The Pefect push The sinless Storm by Sebastian Junger presents the perception of risking is life, to earn money in order to survive everyday living through the men who backpack that risk, their families who stomach great emotional distress while they await for their arrival cornerstone, which is not guaranteed, and the men of the Coast Guard and the Air National Guard who promise calamity. In this book the risk taken by the fishing men baffled me. Yes, the money was good, but the risk seemed to out weigh the money. The men of The Andrea Gail every(prenominal) had their doubts of their lastly trip into the Atlantic, which would cost them their lives. Such tragedy bottomland be a useful learning experience for those who survive. The perfect Storm also brought to my aid the psychological state of one who is on the edge of life and death. I learned a great deal about the fishing industry modus vivendi from The staring(a) Storm. The me n of the Andrea Gail risked their lives on every trip they set out on. They took this risk to support them selves and their families. One thing I would have accepted as a justification of this risk is if every catch resulted in a plentiful amount of money. There was no guarantee of how much one would charter home proving to me that the money was out weighed by the risk. It seems that those who take part in swordfishing have a sense of denial. They put aside the risks of the business and go on with their work. When disaster does strike out at sea man is in the hands of nature, the around powerful force. There is only so much one can do to prevent a natural disaster. When ones life is on the line the natural instincts of the body take over. When one is drowning they voluntarily dedicate their breath to prevent their lungs from filling with water. As they hold their breath the body is starting to feel the effect of too much carbon dioxide in the blood. At this moment it is said to be the break point. The body knows that as the carbon dioxide builds, time is running out, resulting in an involuntary breath in most cases flooding the lungs with water ending any chance of survival.Life in the Hands of Natue The Pefect Storm Essays PapersLife in the Hands of Natue The Pefect Storm The perfect Storm by Sebastian Junger presents the perception of risking ones life, to earn money in order to survive everyday living through the men who take that risk, their families who endure great emotional distress while they await for their arrival home, which is not guaranteed, and the men of the Coast Guard and the Air National Guard who anticipate disaster. In this book the risk taken by the fishing men baffled me. Yes, the money was good, but the risk seemed to out weigh the money. The men of The Andrea Gail all had their doubts of their last trip into the Atlantic, which would cost them their lives. Such tragedy can be a useful learning experience f or those who survive. The perfect Storm also brought to my attention the mental state of one who is on the edge of life and death. I learned a great deal about the fishing industry lifestyle from The Perfect Storm. The men of the Andrea Gail risked their lives on every trip they set out on. They took this risk to support them selves and their families. One thing I would have accepted as a justification of this risk is if every catch resulted in a plentiful amount of money. There was no guarantee of how much one would bring home proving to me that the money was out weighed by the risk. It seems that those who take part in swordfishing have a sense of denial. They put aside the risks of the business and go on with their work. When disaster does strike out at sea man is in the hands of nature, the most powerful force. There is only so much one can do to prevent a natural disaster. When ones life is on the line the natural instincts of the body take over. When one is drownin g they voluntarily hold their breath to prevent their lungs from filling with water. As they hold their breath the body is starting to feel the effect of too much carbon dioxide in the blood. At this moment it is said to be the break point. The body knows that as the carbon dioxide builds, time is running out, resulting in an involuntary breath in most cases flooding the lungs with water ending any chance of survival.